Marijuana Use Tied to Higher College Dropout Rates

Discover the link between marijuana use and college dropout rates. Uncover the impact, long-term effects, and interventions to address academic challenges.

Leora B.H. Staff

May 15, 2024

Impact of Marijuana on College Students

Understanding the impact of marijuana use on college students is essential for addressing potential academic challenges. Two important factors to consider are marijuana use frequency and the trajectory of use among college students.

Marijuana Use Frequency and Academic Performance

Research has shown a significant correlation between marijuana use frequency and academic performance among college students. A study found that baseline marijuana use frequency during the first year of college had an enduring effect on delaying graduation several years later, primarily through its influence on class attendance and GPA at baseline [1]. Heavier patterns of marijuana use were found to be incompatible with regular class attendance, leading to lower grades.

Marijuana Trajectory Groups

When examining marijuana use among college students, researchers have identified five trajectory groups: non-users, infrequent users, decreasing users, increasing users, and frequent users. These trajectory groups provide insights into the potential impact of marijuana use on academic outcomes.

Among these trajectory groups, decreasing and frequent users were found to be more likely to drop out of college and plan to delay graduation compared to non-users. Additionally, all marijuana user groups reported lower GPAs, on average, than non-users. These findings highlight the potential negative consequences of marijuana use on academic success.

By considering both marijuana use frequency and trajectory groups, it becomes evident that higher levels of marijuana use are associated with lower academic performance and an increased likelihood of college dropout or delayed graduation. It is crucial for college students to be aware of these potential consequences and make informed decisions regarding their marijuana use to prioritize their academic success.

Academic Outcomes and Marijuana Use

The relationship between marijuana use and academic outcomes among college students has been a topic of interest in recent studies. This section will explore the impact of marijuana use on class attendance, GPA, and time to graduation.

Class Attendance and GPA

Research has shown a significant connection between marijuana use and class attendance as well as GPA. A study found that students who used marijuana more frequently during the first year of college tended to skip more classes, which contributed to lower first-semester GPA. Heavier patterns of marijuana use were found to be incompatible with regular class attendance, leading to lower grades.

In a study that identified different marijuana trajectory groups among college students, it was observed that all marijuana user groups reported lower GPAs, on average, than non-users. The trajectory groups included non-users, infrequent users, decreasing users, increasing users, and frequent users. The decreasing and frequent user groups were more likely to drop out of college and plan to delay graduation compared to non-users.

Time to Graduation

Baseline marijuana use frequency during the first year of college has been found to have an enduring effect on delaying graduation several years later, primarily through its influence on the path from skipping class to GPA at baseline. A study indicated that there was a significant path from baseline marijuana use frequency to skipping more classes to lower first-semester GPA to longer time to graduation. Similar indirect effects on GPA and graduation time were observed for baseline measures of other drug use and alcohol quantity as well.

It is important to note that these findings highlight the overall impact of marijuana use on academic outcomes among college students. While individual experiences may vary, the evidence suggests a negative association between marijuana use and class attendance, GPA, and time to graduation. Students should be aware of the potential consequences and consider making informed choices regarding marijuana use to prioritize their academic success.

Long-Term Effects of Marijuana Use

The long-term effects of marijuana use on college students can have a significant impact on their academic journey. Two key aspects to consider are the enduring effects on graduation and the influence on academic performance.

Enduring Effects on Graduation

Research studies have shown that baseline marijuana use frequency during the first year of college can have enduring effects on graduation several years later. A study conducted on college students found a significant path from baseline marijuana use frequency to lower first-semester GPA, longer time to graduation, and an increased likelihood of dropping out of college or planning to delay graduation.

Among the identified marijuana trajectory groups, students who were categorized as decreasing users or frequent users were more likely to drop out of college or plan to delay graduation compared to non-users. These findings highlight the potential long-term impact of marijuana use on a student's ability to successfully complete their college education.

Influence on Academic Performance

Marijuana use has been found to have a negative influence on academic performance. Students who used marijuana more frequently during their first year of college tended to skip more classes, resulting in lower first-semester GPA and longer time to graduation. Heavier patterns of marijuana use were found to be incompatible with regular class attendance, leading to lower grades overall.

It's important to note that baseline measures of other drug use and alcohol quantity also exhibited similar indirect effects on GPA and graduation time. This suggests that substance use, including marijuana, can have a broader impact on academic outcomes among college students.

These findings emphasize the need for college students to be aware of the potential negative consequences of marijuana use on their academic journey. It is essential for individuals to make informed choices and consider the impact that substance use may have on their ability to succeed in their college education.

Factors Affecting Academic Success

When it comes to academic success among college students, various factors come into play. Two significant factors that can have an impact on academic performance are baseline drug use and alcohol quantity. Understanding the relationship between these factors and academic success is essential in addressing the challenges faced by students.

Baseline Drug Use

Baseline measures of alcohol use and other drug use have been associated with lower GPA at the beginning of college. However, interestingly, they have also been linked to higher increases in GPA over time. This suggests that while initial drug use may have a negative impact on academic performance, it is possible for some students to improve their grades over time.

It is crucial to note that prior research has found that college students who initiate marijuana use at an early age, particularly before the age of 16, are more likely to continue using marijuana in college and become regular users. Early initiation of marijuana use has also been associated with problems later in life, such as depression and drug dependence.

Alcohol Quantity

Alcohol consumption is another factor that can affect academic success. Baseline measures of alcohol use have been associated with lower GPA and longer time to graduation. Excessive alcohol consumption can impair cognitive functions, memory, and attention, making it difficult for students to focus on their studies.

Studies have consistently shown that heavy alcohol use among college students is associated with various negative academic outcomes. These include lower GPAs, poorer performance on exams and projects, reduced study time, and lower class attendance. Additionally, frequent marijuana use has been found to be associated with a higher likelihood of dropping out of college and a decreased likelihood of earning a college degree.

It is important for colleges and universities to provide education and resources to help students make informed decisions about drug use and alcohol consumption. Implementing prevention programs and offering evidence-based interventions can contribute to creating a healthier and more conducive academic environment.

By addressing factors such as baseline drug use and alcohol quantity, colleges and universities can support students in achieving academic success and creating a positive college experience. Encouraging responsible decision-making and providing support services can help students navigate the challenges associated with substance use and maintain their academic goals.

Campus Trends and Usage

As the discussion surrounding marijuana use on college campuses continues, it is important to examine the prevalence and trends associated with its usage. Understanding the landscape of marijuana use can shed light on potential implications for college students and institutions.

Marijuana Use on College Campuses

A recent study conducted in Texas surveyed 14,000 college students from 19 institutions and found that nearly 40 percent of students reported using marijuana, with over 26 percent indicating marijuana use on their campuses. These findings highlight the widespread nature of marijuana use among college students.

Vaping and Increased Usage

The ability to vape marijuana has become a concerning trend on college campuses. Vaping devices provide a discreet method of consumption, allowing students to use marijuana even in public locations such as classrooms and libraries. This ease of access and concealment may contribute to increased usage among college students.

It is important to note that heavy marijuana use among college students has been associated with dropping out of college and poor academic performance. In 2020, daily marijuana use among college students reached a historic high in the past four decades, reaching 44 percent. Research has shown that the more frequently college students use cannabis, the lower their GPA tends to be, the more they report skipping class, and the longer it takes them to graduate. This highlights the potential negative impact of marijuana use on academic success.

As colleges and universities navigate these trends, awareness and education are crucial. Institutions can consider implementing evidence-based interventions and prevention programs to address the challenges associated with marijuana use on campus. By understanding the patterns and implications of marijuana usage, colleges can work towards creating a supportive environment that promotes the well-being and academic success of their students.

Addressing Academic Challenges

Recognizing the impact of marijuana use on college students' academic success, it is important to address these challenges through evidence-based interventions and prevention programs. By prioritizing these efforts, administrators and parents can help mitigate the trade-off between academic outcomes and marijuana use among college students.

Evidence-Based Interventions

Implementing evidence-based interventions is crucial in supporting college students who are struggling with marijuana use and its impact on their academic performance. These interventions should be tailored to address the specific needs and challenges faced by students.

One effective approach is cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), which focuses on identifying and modifying problematic thoughts and behaviors associated with marijuana use. CBT can help students develop coping strategies, enhance their motivation to change, and improve their decision-making skills.

Motivational interviewing is another valuable intervention technique. It involves a collaborative and empathetic conversation that aims to enhance students' motivation to change their behavior. By exploring their ambivalence towards marijuana use and highlighting the importance of academic success, students may be more inclined to make positive changes.

Additionally, peer-led interventions and support groups can provide students with a safe and supportive environment to discuss their challenges, share experiences, and receive guidance from their peers who have successfully overcome similar struggles.

Importance of Prevention Programs

Prevention programs play a crucial role in addressing marijuana use among college students before it becomes a significant challenge. These programs should focus on educating students about the potential risks and consequences associated with marijuana use and emphasize the importance of maintaining academic success.

Prevention programs can include educational workshops, awareness campaigns, and interactive sessions that provide accurate and evidence-based information about marijuana. They can also address misconceptions and myths surrounding marijuana use, helping students make informed decisions.

Collaboration between educational institutions, healthcare professionals, and community organizations is essential in implementing comprehensive prevention programs. By working together, they can create a supportive network to guide students towards healthier choices and provide resources for those who need assistance.

Furthermore, prevention programs should consider the developmental stage of college students, particularly the impact of marijuana use on brain development. Emphasizing the potential long-term effects and health risks associated with heavy marijuana use during the critical developmental stage of the early 20s can help students make more informed decisions.

By prioritizing evidence-based interventions and prevention programs, colleges and universities can address the challenges posed by marijuana use and support students in achieving their academic goals. It is essential to provide students with the resources, guidance, and education needed to make informed choices and maintain their academic success.