Being Drunk vs. Being High

Spot the variances between being drunk and being high! Dive into the effects, risks, and legal perspectives of alcohol and cannabis intoxication.

Leora B.H. Staff

March 1, 2024

Understanding Being Drunk and Being High

To fully comprehend the differences between being drunk and being high, it's important to explore the effects of alcohol and cannabis on behavior and perception. While both substances can alter one's state of mind, they have distinct characteristics and impacts.

Introduction to Being Drunk and Being High

Being drunk refers to the state of intoxication caused by the consumption of alcohol. Alcohol is a depressant that affects various aspects of the central nervous system. It can lead to changes in behavior, dexterity, coordination, and speech. The effects of alcohol can vary depending on the amount consumed, individual tolerance, and other factors.

On the other hand, being high refers to the state induced by the use of cannabis. Cannabis is a hallucinogen that can lead to altered senses and perceptions. It can also impair memory and learning abilities. The effects of cannabis can differ based on the strain, THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) content, method of consumption, and individual tolerance [1].

Effects on Behavior and Perception

The effects of being drunk and being high on behavior and perception can vary significantly.

Alcohol tends to make individuals more aggressive and reckless. It can impair judgment, leading to poor decision-making and an increased likelihood of engaging in risky behaviors [1]. Moreover, alcohol can affect coordination and motor skills, making it challenging to perform tasks that require fine motor movements.

Cannabis, on the other hand, tends to have a more laid-back and nonchalant effect. It can induce relaxation and tranquility. Cannabis can also impair memory and learning abilities, making it difficult to focus and concentrate. However, unlike alcohol, cannabis generally does not lead to aggressive behavior and may even make individuals more cautious in certain situations.

Both alcohol and cannabis can cause memory lapses, albeit in different ways. Alcohol can lead to blackouts and gaps in memory, whereas cannabis can affect short-term memory and lead to difficulties in retaining information.

In summary, being drunk and being high have distinct effects on behavior and perception. Alcohol tends to result in increased aggression and impaired coordination, while cannabis induces relaxation and altered senses. It is important to understand these differences to make informed decisions regarding substance use and to promote responsible consumption.

Differences Between Alcohol and Cannabis

Understanding the differences between being drunk and being high is essential for comprehending the unique effects of alcohol and cannabis on the body and mind. This section will explore the chemical effects on the body and the onset and duration of effects associated with each substance.

Chemical Effects on the Body

Alcohol and cannabis exert their effects on the body through different mechanisms. Alcohol, classified as a depressant, affects various neurotransmitters in the brain, resulting in changes in behavior, dexterity, coordination, and speech. It primarily influences the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which has a calming effect on the central nervous system.

On the other hand, cannabis is classified as a hallucinogen and primarily targets the endocannabinoid system, which plays a role in memory, mood, pain, and sleep. The active compounds in cannabis, such as delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), bind to specific receptors in the brain, leading to altered senses and perceptions, as well as impaired memory and learning.

Onset and Duration of Effects

The onset and duration of effects differ between alcohol and cannabis. When consuming alcohol, the effects are typically felt within minutes to an hour, depending on factors such as the amount consumed, tolerance, and individual metabolism. The effects of alcohol generally peak within an hour or two and gradually wear off over several hours [2].

In contrast, when using cannabis, the onset of effects can vary depending on the method of consumption. Inhalation through smoking or vaporization leads to rapid effects felt within minutes, while ingestion through edibles or oils may take longer, often up to an hour or more. The duration of cannabis effects can range from a few hours to several hours, depending on the potency, dosage, and individual factors.

Understanding the distinct chemical effects and the differences in onset and duration of alcohol and cannabis is important for individuals who wish to make informed decisions regarding their substance use. It is crucial to consider these factors, along with the potential short-term and long-term effects, risks, and legal perspectives, when comparing being drunk and being high.

Comparing Intoxication Symptoms

When comparing being drunk and being high, it's important to understand the distinctive symptoms associated with each state. Being drunk and being high have different effects on behavior, cognition, and sensory perception. Let's explore the symptoms associated with being drunk and being high.

Symptoms of Being Drunk

Being drunk is characterized by a higher level of impairment compared to being high. The consumption of alcohol affects the central nervous system and can lead to various symptoms, including:

Slurred speech
Blurred vision
Poor coordination
Confusion
Memory blackouts

Additionally, alcohol intoxication can result in aggressive behavior, risky decision-making, and sedation. The specific symptoms experienced can vary based on factors such as individual metabolism, rate of alcohol consumption, and underlying health conditions.

Symptoms of Being High

Being high, on the other hand, typically refers to the state induced by marijuana use. The primary psychoactive compound in cannabis, THC, affects brain regions responsible for cognition, sensory perception, and coordination. The symptoms associated with being high may include:

Altered sense of time
Relaxation
Euphoria
Increased appetite
Impaired memory
Distorted sensory experiences

Moreover, individuals who are high might experience symptoms such as anxiety, paranoia, increased heart rate, and bloodshot eyes [3]. The specific symptoms can also be influenced by factors such as the strain of cannabis, method of consumption, dosage, and individual tolerance levels.

It's important to note that the effects of being drunk and being high can vary from person to person. Factors such as the amount consumed, individual tolerance, and environmental context can influence the intensity and duration of these symptoms. Understanding the differences between being drunk and being high can help individuals make informed decisions about their substance use and promote safer behaviors.

Short-Term and Long-Term Effects

Understanding the short-term and long-term effects of both alcohol and cannabis is important when comparing being drunk and being high. These substances have distinct impacts on the body and mind.

Short-Term Effects of Alcohol

Alcohol is a depressant that affects behavior, dexterity, coordination, and speech. It can lead to impaired judgment, increased aggression, and reckless behavior. The short-term effects of alcohol consumption can include:

Slurred speech
Impaired balance and coordination
Decreased inhibitions
Blurred vision
Memory lapses
Nausea and vomiting

Short-Term Effects of Cannabis

Cannabis, on the other hand, is a hallucinogen that can lead to altered senses and perceptions, as well as impaired memory and learning. The short-term effects of cannabis use can include:

Euphoria and relaxation
Altered perception of time and space
Increased appetite (commonly referred to as the "munchies")
Impaired memory and concentration
Dry mouth and red eyes

Long-Term Effects of Alcohol

Long-term, heavy alcohol consumption can have serious consequences for overall health. Prolonged alcohol use can lead to liver disease, heart problems, and memory issues. It can also increase the risk of developing addiction and mental health disorders. Some of the long-term effects of alcohol include:

Liver damage and cirrhosis
Increased risk of heart disease
Memory and cognitive problems
Addiction and dependence
Mental health disorders (e.g., depression, anxiety)

Long-Term Effects of Cannabis

Long-term use of cannabis is associated with its own set of potential health effects. While the research is still evolving, prolonged cannabis use has been linked to lung issues, cognitive problems, and mental health concerns [1]. Some of the long-term effects of cannabis include:

Respiratory issues (when smoked)
Decreased cognitive functioning
Impaired memory and learning
Increased risk of mental health disorders (e.g., anxiety, psychosis)
Cannabis use disorder (addiction or dependence)

Understanding the short-term and long-term effects of alcohol and cannabis is essential for making informed decisions about their use. It's important to note that individual experiences and reactions may vary, and moderation and responsible use are key to minimizing potential harm. If you have concerns about your alcohol or cannabis use, it's recommended to seek guidance from a healthcare professional.

Risk Factors and Co-Use

When it comes to substance use, there are various risk factors and co-use patterns that are important to understand. This section will explore the risky behaviors associated with alcohol use and the co-use of alcohol and cannabis.

Risky Behaviors and Alcohol

Alcohol consumption is often linked to risky behaviors. It tends to make people more aggressive and can impair judgment and coordination, leading to increased risk-taking. The effects of alcohol on behavior can vary from person to person, but it's important to note that excessive alcohol consumption can increase the likelihood of engaging in dangerous activities such as drunk driving, violence, and unprotected sex.

Alcohol can also impair cognitive function, making it harder to focus and concentrate. It can cause memory lapses and blackouts, where individuals have no recollection of events that occurred while under the influence. These effects can further contribute to risky behaviors and potentially harmful situations.

Co-Use of Alcohol and Cannabis

The co-use of alcohol and cannabis is prevalent among individuals who use these substances. According to a study, over 75% of cannabis users also reported alcohol use, indicating a significant overlap in consumption patterns. Many individuals who use both substances tend to use them concurrently or simultaneously, which can increase the risk for negative outcomes.

It's important to note that the effects of co-use can vary depending on factors such as dosage, timing, and individual tolerance. Combining alcohol and cannabis can have additive effects, intensifying the impairments and altering the overall experience. This can potentially lead to increased impairment in judgment, coordination, and cognitive function.

The co-use of alcohol and cannabis should be approached with caution, as it can amplify the risks associated with each substance. It's crucial to prioritize personal safety and make informed decisions regarding substance use. If you choose to consume alcohol or cannabis, it's advisable to do so responsibly and be aware of the potential consequences.

Understanding the risks and co-use patterns can help individuals make informed decisions about their substance use and reduce the likelihood of engaging in dangerous behaviors. It's essential to prioritize personal well-being, practice harm reduction strategies, and seek support if needed.

Adolescents and Substance Use

During adolescence, individuals may experiment with various substances, including alcohol and cannabis. Understanding the impact of these substances on this particular age group is crucial for their overall well-being. In this section, we will explore alcohol use in adolescents, cannabis use in adolescents, and the effects of these substances on the adolescent brain.

Alcohol Use in Adolescents

Alcohol is the most commonly used substance among adolescents, with a significant number of 15- to 19-year-olds reporting alcohol use in the past month. Early initiation of alcohol use has been associated with poorer long-term outcomes, and those who start using alcohol at a younger age have a higher prevalence of lifetime alcohol use disorder [6].

Some effects of heavy alcohol use during adolescence include decreases in frontal gray matter volume, cerebellar gray matter decline, white matter expansion, and cerebrospinal fluid volume expansion [6]. These disruptions in brain structure can lead to impaired impulse and attentional control, learning and memory deficits, and decreased psychomotor speed and visuospatial processing.

Cannabis Use in Adolescents

Cannabis is the second most commonly used substance among adolescents, and its rates of use are increasing globally. Occasional cannabis use during adolescence does not contribute to the same level of structural brain changes as heavy alcohol use. However, heavy cannabis use has been associated with reduced expansion of the hippocampus and parahippocampus, which are important brain regions involved in memory and learning.

In addition to structural changes, heavy cannabis use during adolescence has been linked to disrupted functional development, decreased executive functioning, and lower IQ. These effects can impact cognitive abilities and potentially interfere with academic performance and overall cognitive development.

Effects on Adolescent Brain

Both alcohol and cannabis use during adolescence are related to small to moderate disruptions in brain structure and function, as well as neurocognitive impairment. The specific effects differ between the two substances. Alcohol use is associated with decreases in gray matter volume and cortical thickness, slowed white matter growth, disrupted network efficiency, and poorer impulse and attentional control, learning, memory, visuospatial processing, and psychomotor speed. Cannabis use, on the other hand, is associated with decreased subcortical volume, increased frontoparietal cortical thickness, disrupted functional development, and decreased executive functioning and IQ.

It is important to note that co-use of alcohol and cannabis may have more pronounced effects related to alcohol use than to cannabis use. These findings highlight the significance of understanding the potential risks associated with substance use during adolescence and the importance of promoting healthy behaviors and decision-making among young individuals.

By recognizing the effects of alcohol and cannabis on the developing adolescent brain, it becomes even more crucial to educate adolescents about the potential risks and provide support systems to help them make informed decisions regarding substance use.

Health Risks and Safety

When it comes to the health risks and safety of alcohol use and cannabis use, there are several important factors to consider. Both substances can have significant impacts on the body and mind, and understanding these risks is crucial for making informed choices.

Health Risks of Alcohol Use

Alcohol, being a depressant, affects various aspects of behavior, dexterity, coordination, and speech. It can lead to impaired judgment, increased aggression, and reckless behavior. The effects of alcohol primarily target the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain, contributing to its sedative effects.

Short-term health risks of alcohol use include injuries from accidents, violence, risky sexual behaviors, and alcohol poisoning. Excessive and prolonged alcohol consumption can lead to long-term health issues such as liver disease, heart problems, memory issues, and chronic diseases like high blood pressure, heart disease, liver disease, and certain types of cancer.

Health Risks of Cannabis Use

Cannabis, on the other hand, is a hallucinogen that can lead to altered senses and perceptions, impaired memory and learning, and a more laid-back and nonchalant attitude compared to alcohol use. The primary psychoactive component in marijuana is delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).

Short-term health risks of cannabis use include problems with memory and learning, distorted perception, difficulty in thinking and problem-solving, and loss of coordination. Long-term use of marijuana is associated with addiction, poor educational outcomes, cognitive impairment, chronic bronchitis, and mental health concerns.

While both alcohol and cannabis use have associated health risks, it's important to note that the specific risks and effects can vary depending on factors such as frequency and quantity of use, individual differences, and the presence of underlying health conditions.

Understanding the potential health risks and safety concerns of alcohol and cannabis use can help individuals make informed decisions about their consumption. It's essential to prioritize moderation, responsible use, and seeking professional help when needed to minimize the potential negative impacts on physical and mental well-being.

Addiction and Overdose

Understanding the addiction potential and overdose risks associated with alcohol and cannabis is crucial for comprehending the differences between being drunk and being high.

Addiction Potential of Alcohol

Alcohol has a higher addiction potential compared to marijuana. Research indicates that approximately 1 in 6 people who try alcohol become addicted at some point in their lives, while about 1 in 11 individuals experience marijuana addiction. The addictive nature of alcohol can lead to the development of alcohol use disorder (AUD) in susceptible individuals.

Addiction Potential of Cannabis

In comparison, marijuana is considered less addictive than alcohol. While it is possible to develop a marijuana addiction, the risk is generally lower. Approximately 1 in 11 people who try marijuana may experience addiction. However, it is important to note that individual susceptibility to addiction can vary.

Overdose Risk with Alcohol and Cannabis

When considering overdose risk, alcohol poses a significantly higher danger compared to marijuana. Alcohol-related causes contribute to approximately 95,000 deaths in the United States each year, while no deaths have been solely attributed to marijuana overdose. This stark contrast in overdose risk highlights the potential dangers associated with excessive alcohol consumption.

It is crucial to note that while marijuana may not lead to fatal overdose, it can still have adverse effects on an individual's health and well-being. The consumption of marijuana should be done responsibly and in accordance with legal guidelines.

Understanding the differences in addiction potential and overdose risks between alcohol and cannabis is important for individuals to make informed choices regarding substance use. It is essential to prioritize personal health and safety when consuming any substances. If addiction concerns arise, seeking professional help and support is strongly encouraged.

Legal and Cultural Perspectives

When comparing the legal and cultural perspectives of alcohol and cannabis, it becomes apparent that there are significant differences in their legal status, comparative harm, and availability.

Alcohol vs. Cannabis: Legal Status

Alcohol, as a widely accepted and regulated substance, is legal and available for purchase and consumption in most countries. It is commonly regulated by age restrictions, licensing laws, and specific regulations on its production and distribution. On the other hand, cannabis has a more complex legal status. While it remains illegal at the federal level in the United States, the legal landscape is evolving, with an increasing number of states allowing cannabis for medical and recreational use. The legal status of cannabis varies across different countries and regions, with some fully legalizing it, others permitting it for medical use only, and some maintaining strict prohibition.

Comparative Harm and Availability

When considering the comparative harm and availability of alcohol and cannabis, it is important to note that alcohol has a long history of use and cultural acceptance. It is widely available in various forms, including beer, wine, and spirits, and can be purchased in licensed establishments such as bars, restaurants, and stores. However, excessive or irresponsible alcohol consumption can lead to a range of health risks, including liver damage, addiction, and an increased risk of accidents and injuries.

Cannabis, on the other hand, has historically faced stricter regulations due to its psychoactive properties and potential health risks. However, as attitudes and laws surrounding cannabis change, it is becoming more widely available for medical and recreational use in certain jurisdictions. The availability of cannabis varies depending on the legal framework in each state or country. It is typically sold through licensed dispensaries or authorized retailers.

It is important to note that both alcohol and cannabis have the potential for abuse and can lead to addiction. Additionally, the health risks associated with their use can vary depending on individual factors, patterns of consumption, and other contextual factors. It is always advisable to consume these substances responsibly and within legal boundaries.

In conclusion, the legal and cultural perspectives on alcohol and cannabis differ significantly. Alcohol is widely accepted and regulated, with varying degrees of availability depending on local laws. Cannabis, while still illegal at the federal level in some countries, is increasingly being legalized for medical and recreational use in certain jurisdictions. Understanding the legal status and cultural acceptance of these substances is essential for individuals to make informed decisions and engage in responsible consumption practices.